Many western people believe that David Pingree proved that Vedic Astrology came from Greece, without critically looking at why. Below, based on the Yavana Jataka notes of David Pingree, is a comparison of techniques found in the Sanskrit Yavana Jataka and other Greek/Latin Astrological Literature. The large amount of common Indian techniques in the Yavana Jataka not found anywhere in Greek or Latin sources does not prove anything came from Greece, but instead that Greece was a much later recipient of Classical Astrology from Babylonians, Egyptians and India.  The final argument that there are some Greek words in Indian texts, written at a time period when Greek was an international language and there was a large thriving Indo-Greek Kingdom in Afganistan does not prove Vedic culture sourced material from the Greeks over their Babylonian neighbors. The facts reveal themselves when you study the chart below which is based on Pingree's own notes to Yavana Jataka.

PrincipleYavanajataka ( and others)Greeks
12 sign zodiacXX
Zodiac associated with body partsXX
Zodiac associated with physical locationsXLimited/a few fragments
Solar/Lunar halves of ZodiacXX
Odd signs masculine/ Even signs feminineXX
Basic horā delination of first half odd signs = solar / even =lunar,etc.XN/A
Common Lordship of signs ( i.e. Aries/Mars, Taurus/Venus,etc.)XX
60th division of sign /sauraXOnly in Manilius
Hora using lord of sign and 11th there from it. (D2)XN/A
Drekanna (D3)XX
Saptāmśa (D7)XN/A
Dvādaśamśa (D12)X?
Navāmśa (D9)XN/A
Trimśāmśa (5 parts of a sign)XN/A (some comparable calculations though)
Moveable, fixed,dual signsXX
Relating signs to various categories including town,marsh, forest, quadraped, human, insect, and other variations.XX
Importance of sign designations such as kednra,panaphara, and apoklimasXX
Upachaya placesXN/A
Exaltation points of planetsX (nearly all agree)X – (much variance across texts)
VargottamaXN/A
MulatrikonaXN/A – ( some minimal associations)
Back/Head/Both rising for signsXN/A – only descriptions of literal constellation position seen
Aspects on 7th, 5-9,4-8,3-10XX – (use 7, 4-10,5-9, and 3-11)
Planets associated with directionsXX
Basic 12 house meanings

 

XX
Placements of exaltation, own house, etc.XX ( some differences - no mulatrikona, friends, enemy house, etc.)
Human, quadraped, insect signsXN/A
Night/day signs/kālabala)XX (not clear how it is used and more limited forms)
ceṣṭābalaXX (more limited uses)
digbālaXN/A
Strength of moon based on thitisXN/A
Various signs/placements associated with  early, mid, late lifeXN/A
Temporary/natural friendships and combined influenceXX
Benefic/maleifc planetsXX
Associating planets with elementsXN/A
Planets related to “humors” ( phlegm/kapha,etc.)XX
Planets related to gunas ( sattva,etc.)XN/A
Sex of planetsXX
Roya Court ( king, queen,etc.)XX
Planets and CasteXN/A
Planets and ColorsXX ( much more variance here across authors)
Planets/family memebrsXX
Basic planetary descriptions and karaka associationsXX

 

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